Serious accident on the Kardhiq-Delvinë axis / One person dies, three others are injured
A serious accident occurred on the Kardhiq-Delvinë axis, i...
A serious accident occurred on the Kardhiq-Delvinë axis, i...

Periodic reports by the OSCE/ODIHR, civil society, the EU, and the CEC, as well as periodic post-election assessments by political and public actors in the country, have identified in recent years issues and problems that require addressing and solutions.
They have insisted on a transparent, comprehensive and contemporary legal framework on parties, with a main focus on the organization, functioning and institutionalization of parties, as well as sources of political financing (electoral and party) as a requirement and need in the process of Albania's approximation with the EU, strengthening democracy and the rule of law.
The Institute of Political Studies (ISP) together with the Westminster Foundation for Democracy held a consultative roundtable in Vlora with representatives of political parties, experts and civil society, with a focus on identifying and addressing the most priority issues for intervention and providing concrete recommendations for this legislation.
Since I was honored to be a participant in this roundtable, I am sharing some of my thoughts on these issues.
Personally, I believe that if we want to save democracy, we must first save it from the hands of those who have captured it within the parties. Only when the parties open up, will Albania also begin to breathe.
Albanian democracy resembles a house, crumbling from within. It is not the general elections that are destroying it, but the way in which the political parties themselves function, or rather, do not function. Before they become public institutions, they are private institutions and personal property, where democracy is simply a facade.
If I were to stop, I would emphasize that in Albania: before democracy "dies" in the parliament hall, it has died in the party headquarters, as they are private property and not a public instrument.
For thirty years, Albanian parties have been transformed into “Sh.pk” with a single shareholder. The chairman is the owner, who decides who speaks, who remains silent and who is expelled; the deputies are the obedient partners, while the ordinary members are spectators who pay the bill (standing in the opposition or in the administration, but without dignity). Statutes are lifeless papers that are not implemented; internal elections are theatrical performances; decision-making is a monologue, not a debate.
In all Albanian parties, left, right or "new", the same pattern is observed: leaders who never leave, who are re-elected by unanimous vote and who hold the logo, seal and finances hostage.
Party forums are not forums for debating ideas. Internal elections are a farce with predetermined lists. And when someone dares to actually compete, they are expelled with grotesque accusations of "dividing the party."
Kështu, me kalimin e viteve, partia humb funksionin e vet politik dhe kthehet në një makineri të pushtetit personal.
Në çdo vend që pretendon të jetë demokratik, ligji e detyron partinë të jetë thelbësisht demokratike. Ky është rregull, jo dëshirë.
Normalisht çdo parti duhet të zhvillojë zgjedhje të rregullta, të kontrolluara nga gjykata dhe komisione të pavarura. Nëse nuk i zhvillon duhet të humbasë të drejtën e financimit publik.
Në Shqipëri, një gjë e tillë as që shkohet nëpër mend. Çdo parti është “e lirë” të bëjë çfarë të dojë. Dhe për ironi, kjo liri e pakufizuar ka prodhuar diktatura të vogla partiake.
Prandaj mendoj se duhet një ligj i ri për partitë politike, që të vendosë kushte të qarta për regjistrimin e tyre, ndër të cilat duhet të vihet theksi te zbatimi i pikave të statutit, zgjedhjet e brendshme me votë të fshehtë dhe, ndoshta edhe membikëqyrje të KQZ-së; mandate të kufizuara për kryetarët; vendimmarrje kolegjiale për çështjet madhore; detyrim për publikim procesverbalesh dhe rezultate votimesh apo edhe krijimin e mekanizmave që i japin anëtarësisë të drejtën e referendumit të brendshëm, nëse 1/3 e saj kërkon ndryshim drejtimi apo shkarkim të lidershipit.
Sugjeroj që për një demokraci të brendshme të ketë një kontroll të jashtëm. Kjo është pika më e keqkuptuar në Shqipëri.
Demokracia e brendshme në një vend me demokraci funksionale nuk lind vetë brenda partive, sepse ato janë organizata që, nga natyra, duan të mbajnë pushtetin.
Shumë mendojnë se partitë duhet të jenë “të lira” dhe se çdo kontroll nga jashtë është ndërhyrje politike. Në fakt, është e kundërta: pa kontroll të jashtëm, demokracia e brendshme nuk ekziston.
Një parti është një organizatë me funksion publik, ajo ndikon drejtpërdrejt në mënyrën si qeveriset vendi.
Prandaj, që të ketë rregulla të barabarta, garë të ndershme dhe transparencë, duhet një kontroll i jashtëm.
“Kontroll i jashtëm” nuk do të thotë ndërhyrje politike, por mbikëqyrje ligjore dhe institucionale, për të garantuar që një parti nuk është kthyer në pronë private të një njeriu të vetëm.
Ai i mbron anëtarët nga abuzimi, ndihmon transparencën dhe parandalon që një kryetar të zgjedhë veten pafundësisht.
Në vendet demokratike, KQZ ose gjykatat mbikëqyrin proceset e brendshme, verifikojnë nëse ka pasur votë të fshehtë, kandidim real dhe llogaridhënie financiare.
Në Shqipëri, mungesa e këtij kontrolli e ka kthyer partinë në një “shtet privat” brenda shtetit.
Problemi më i madh në funksionimin e partive politike shqiptare nuk është mungesa e ligjeve, por kultura e nënshtrimit, servilizmit dhe frika e ndryshimit.
Në partitë tona, kritika është krim, mendimi ndryshe është tradhti, dhe çdo debat shihet si sabotim.
Kjo kulturë e frikës dhe e servilizmit ka lindur një klasë politike të mpirë, ku askush s’guxon të mendojë me kokën e vet. Lidership në krizë, parti, që shembet bashkë me të ngaqë nuk ka strukturë që ta mbajë.
If we want a functional democracy, we must accept a fundamental principle: a party that is not democratic within itself cannot produce democracy in today's or tomorrow's governance.
Party finances are another issue of particular importance and in Albanian parties they are the oxygen of political corruption.
In Albania, no one knows how much a campaign costs and who pays for it.
The parties' financial reports are completely opaque.
In every campaign, millions of euros circulate through billboards, advertisements and events, but only a few hundred thousand lek appear in the official balance sheets as "operating expenses".
In normal countries, every party is obliged to report in real time on contributions, expenses and financial resources.
In Albania, the reports are submitted after the elections, after the votes have been counted, power has been divided and the traces have been erased.
Perhaps a periodic public reporting of finances on the CEC website; a spending cap for each campaign and a ban on donations from businesses that have contracts with the state, or even the creation of an independent agency for auditing parties, with full authority for control and sanctions, including the suspension of public funding or exclusion from future elections in case of violations, could be a solution to stop this farce.
Transparency is not a luxury, it is oxygen for democracy and a guarantee of public trust.
A party that does not know how to show how it elects its leader and where it gets its money cannot claim the trust of its citizens.
Meanwhile, a state and a society that allows these parties to compete are just as guilty as they are.
I believe that what we call the “crisis of democracy” in Albania is not a crisis of institutions, but a crisis of parties.
Democracy will not be saved by any major constitutional reform, but by an internal cleansing of the parties.
As long as we have closed parties, we will have closed power; as long as we have eternal leaders, we will have eternal injustice, hybrid democracy, and we will fill thousands of letters and write millions of words to suggest and demand change.
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