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The distribution and organization of services that do not take into consideration the institutional tradition of setting up institutions, therefore do not offer services to citizens, encouraging emigration, has affected, among other things, the education system, after the merger of educational directorates in districts.
In February 2019, the government approved decision no. 234 that brought about the merger of 12 regional educational directorates distributed in districts, creating four Regional Directorates of Pre-University Education (DRAP), respectively in: Korçë, Fier, Lezhë and Durrës.
For this decision-making, Prime Minister Edi Rama would argue that the merger of these institutions came after many educational directorates that rather functioned as offices for the appointment of teachers, rather than for guaranteeing the quality of teaching.
But the decision-making of these directorates is geographically distant from the schools, education offices, and above all, it is far removed from the citizens who may need these directorates.
"We are only taking the case of the regional office of education in Durrës. This office offers services for Tirana, Durres, Dibra, Kruja, Kamza, Klos, Shijak, Kavaja, Vora and Rrogozhina.
It clearly seems that the local units of the District of Dibra and therefore the citizens in these municipalities feel uncomfortable to receive services in the office of Durrës.
Of course, online services are amortizing in this case, but they never replace the human form of cooperation and service", emphasizes Agron Haxhimali, expert on local issues.
For the expert on education issues, Prof. Nor. Dr. Ndriçim Mehmeti, this reorganization aimed at better functioning has failed, as useful services were placed far from citizens, teachers, students and parents.
"The emigration or more precisely the depopulation of some areas that have turned into a ghost has left the only sign that there was once education, which are the Local Offices of Pre-University Education.
In short, the 2019 reform has completely failed and its negative consequences are difficult to recover for a 10-year period", he asserts.
Mr. Mehmeti argues that the division was based on electoral interests rather than on the efficiency of service delivery. "Reorganization of the Regional Educational Directorates and Educational Offices, announced by Mr. Pelesi (without any prior consultation or serious study) was a political choice.
It is difficult to understand that the capital depends on Durrës, or Shkodra on Lezha. Also, the Local Pre-University Education Offices (ZVAP) were created with this philosophy, i.e. in accordance with the electoral interests.
Apart from the function of employing some party militants, ZVAP in some areas do not have any significance. There are many ZVAP, which have fewer students than a school in Tirana, Durrës or Shkodra".
Ai tha se mënyra e organizimit të DRAP dhe ZVAP po shkakton situata kaotike. “P.sh., një nxënës i qytetit të Tiranës e merr dëftesën nga Durrësi, një nxënës i Elbasanit e merr dëftesën nga Korça, një nxënës i Konispolit nga Fieri e kështu me radhë.
Që të kërkojë apo depozitojë një dokument, një mësuesi i duhet të niset nga Bicaj, apo Shishtaveci i Kukësit e të shkojë në Lezhë, nga Borshi nuk shkon më në Vlorë si dikur, por në Fier, etj.”.
Vështirësi me marrjen e shërbimeve, për shkak të shkrirjes së drejtorive rajonale arsimore po hasin edhe mësuesit, sipas ekspertit të çështjeve arsimore.
“Ndonëse shumica e shërbimeve kanë kaluar online, për të bërë një dosje punësimi, apo për kualifikimin e mësuesve, veç dokumenteve që do të ngarkohen në sistem, duhet patjetër dhe një kopje fizike.
Nëse mungon një dokument, atëherë duhet që mësuesi ta dorëzojë atë fizikisht, pas kontrollit që i bën DRAP. Kështu kemi rastin e mësuesve nga Saranda dhe Konispoli që për një letër kanë shkuar në Fier, apo nga zona e Kukësit në Lezhë.
DRAP, në mënyrën sesi janë strukturuar, janë jashtë funksionit të tyre dhe shumë pak të aksesueshëm, për shkak të largësisë së tyre dhe dublimit të punës.
P.sh. në Durrës ka edhe DRAP edhe ZVAP?! Përse duhen të dyja këto institucione”.
Riorganizimi i ri i zyrave arsimore, sipas z. Mehmeti, nuk ka rritur cilësinë në arsimin parauniversitar, madje duke iu referuar rezultateve të PISA-s (Programi i OECD për Vlerësimin Ndërkombëtar të Studentëve), në rajon Shqipëria lë pas vetëm Kosovën.
“Ne kemi Drejtori të Arsimit në Ministrinë e Arsimit, Drejtori të Përgjithshme të Arsimit Parauniversitar, Drejtori Rajonale të Arsimit Parauniversitar, Zyra Vendore të Arsimit Parauniversitar dhe kemi kaq shumë problematika të mëdha në përditshmërinë e sektorit të arsimit.
Madje, shumë herë, institucionet përplasen me njëra-tjetrën. Të gjitha këto institucione kanë dështuar në kontrollin, evidentimin dhe përmirësimin e mirëfunksionim të arsimit parauniversitar.
Ngjarjet tragjike, ku në një institucion privat parashkollor në Fier, një fëmijë humbi jetën dhe në Tiranë, ku fëmija (i cili nuk ishte i vetmi rast) u dhuna nga një edukatore, ushtronin veprimtarinë e tyre pa licencë kanë nxjerrë zbuluar faktin që këto institucione kanë qenë tërësisht në gjumë dhe krejtësisht të painformuara mbi ushtrimin e paligjshëm të veprimtarive arsimore edukative të institucioneve në zemër të qyteteve të mëdha.
Ai rekomandon se për organizimin e zyrave vendore arsimore duhej të shkohej në linjën e studimit të bërë në vitin 2012-2013 nga Drejtoria e Përgjithshme e Arsimit Parauniversitar, e asaj kohe në Ministrinë e Arsimit, që propozoi reduktimin e ZA, duke shkrirë 7 prej tyre.
"For example, one directorate would be enough for Tirana and not two as before, and it could also intervene in reducing the number of ZA, taking into consideration the demographic changes and the movement of people. For example, it is not possible for Korça to have 4 ZVA, as it was not justified by the number of students and teachers and the cost of maintaining them was high.
Also, Lushnja had to become the Educational Director, because the number of students and teachers exceeded the entire District of Gjirokastra. But instead of going along the lines of this study, after 2013, a ZVA was set up for each municipality, simply to control the votes and hire people based on the criteria of partisanship, not meritocracy".
Problems with employment in educational offices continued even after the reform. In the report of the High State Control for the audit of the activity of the Regional Directorate of Pre-University Education (DRAP) Durrës, for the period 2019 to August 2020, it was found that 98% of the staff of the DRAP and the 12 ZVAPs under its jurisdiction were commanded, (that is, without competition procedures), which does not ensure the competence of the staff for the positions in which they are commanded.
"In the procedures for the selection and announcement of winners of pre-university school principals, numerous problems were found, which have violated the validity of the entire process, caused as a result of the non-analysis by DPAP and DRAP of the applicability of the criteria that must be met by the candidates for principal , double-standard treatment of school director candidates, poor planning of the development of procedures, unharmonized legal and regulatory framework, etc.
In addition, problems were found in the drafting and implementation of the budget, as well as in the establishment of effective internal control systems in DRAP Durrës and ZVAP-e, it is quoted in the HLSH report./ Monitor
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