Historical calendar/ What happened on September 22?

2023-09-22 10:17:00, Blog CNA

Historical calendar/ What happened on September 22?

Illustrative photo

1980 - Iraq invades Iran, starting a bloody 8-year war

Iraqi armed forces invaded Western Iran along the shared border. The fighting would end with a cease-fire in 1988, although the establishment of normal diplomatic relations and the withdrawal of troops did not occur until after a formal peace agreement was signed on August 16, 1990.

In the late 1960s, Great Britain announced its intention to withdraw from the Persian Gulf, prompting a geopolitical reconfiguration of the region. This reignited the old territorial disputes between Iran and Iraq, which remained a source of tension throughout the 1970s.

The new Iraqi leader, Saddam Hussein, accepted in 1975 some of Iran's territorial claims, in exchange for the cessation of Iranian intervention in Iraq. But the Iranian Revolution of 1978-1979 brought the radical Islamists of Ayatollah Khomini to power in Tehran.

Historical calendar/ What happened on September 22?

The border incidents started very quickly, because the leaders of the Islamic Republic of Iran want to "export" the concept of Islamic government led by the Shiite clergy. In April 1980, Iraq's deputy prime minister, Tariq Aziz, survived an assassination attempt by Iraqi Shiites who were supporters of the Iranian Revolution.

At the time, Iran's new government was at loggerheads with the United States over the seizure of the US embassy in Tehran by Iranian militants, and the taking of dozens of hostages. Saddam saw it as a very opportune moment to reassert the territorial claims he had earlier renounced.

Historical calendar/ What happened on September 22?

Në fillim ushtria irakiane shënoi një përparim të ndjeshëm. Më pas ndeshi në rezistencën e papritur e të fortë të ushtrisë iraniane. Numri i viktimave mbetet ende i paqartë. Por disa burime flasin për 1 deri në 2 milionë të vdekur dhe të plagosur nga të dyja palët.

Ngjarje të tjera të rëndësishme:

1862 - Presidenti amerikan Abraham Linkoln firmos Dekretin e Parë të Emancipimit, që shpalli lirinë e të gjithë skllevërve në çdo shtet të Konfederatës.

1949 - Bashkimi Sovjetik shpërthen bombën e parë bërthamore, 4 vjet pas SHBA-së.

1958 - Lindi tenori i famshëm italian Andrea Boçeli. Ai shquhet për përzierjen unike të muzikës opera dhe pop.

1961 - US President John F. Kennedy signs the establishment of the Peace Corps as a permanent government agency. Kennedy believed that the Peace Corps could provide a new and unique weapon in the fight against communism.

1975 - The assassination attempt on US President Gerald Ford is avoided. Sara Moore, an FBI informant pointed a gun at the president in San Francisco, but she was immediately blocked by bodyguards.

1980 - Solidarnost (Solidarity), the Polish trade union and political party that became a hotbed of resistance to Soviet control, was formed in communist Poland. Delegates of 36 trade unions met and united under the leadership of Leh Valesa./ Adapted from CNA