Euro and pound falling/ Exchange rate, March 29, 2025
Today in the foreign exchange market, the euro will be exc...

Behind the grand arches of Istanbul's Grand Bazaar, beyond the noise and bustle, a quieter trade takes place. In dimly lit corridors, men emerge from back rooms, clutching wads of dollars.
One trader says he handles millions in trades every day, mostly in "stablecoins," which are cryptocurrencies tied to other assets, usually the greenback.
Stablecoins are usually backed by cash or government bonds. Unlike the cryptocurrency bitcoin, their price fluctuates very little: the most popular coin of this type, called Tether (whose issuer bears the same name), is pegged to a dollar and can change in value by only a few hundredths of a cent.
They are most commonly used to trade other cryptocurrencies, providing a stable bridge between more volatile digital assets.
According to data firm Chainalysis, trades, payments and transfers in stablecoins totaled $27.6 trillion last year, or two-fifths of all value on public blockchain networks.
In part, this reflects a broader rise in cryptocurrency prices, but stablecoins are increasingly being used by a variety of people.
Migrants send remittances with them, abandoning the banking system with high fees and delays.
Turkish merchants say that vendors in the Grand Bazaar pay suppliers in these coins because they are the fastest option. In countries where inflation is eroding savings and dollars are scarce, they are remaining a valuable reserve.
A survey by startup firm Castle Island Ventures on stablecoins in Turkey found that nearly half use the coins for this purpose.
The Bernstein firm notes that while stablecoins are becoming more attractive to the world, their market capitalization has diverged from that of other cryptocurrencies (see chart).
America, where stablecoins are vital to cryptocurrency trading, remains the world's largest market for these coins, according to analytics firm Chainalysis.
But in terms of economic size, Turkey is now the home of stablecoin transactions: from the beginning of the year to March 2024, purchases amounted to 4.3% of GDP.
This year through June, Ethiopia saw the fastest growth in transactions of less than $10,000, most of which were probably remittances and daily payments.
The stablecoin Tether accounts for 70% of this activity. The company that created Tether makes money by investing its reserves. It says it holds $113 billion, or 72% of its assets, in short-duration Treasuries, where rising yields have made them very profitable.
Por mbizotërimi i kësaj monedhe, sjell rreziqe. Humbja e besimit në monedhën Tether mund të trondisë tregun, siç ndodhi me rënien e Terra-Luna-s, një sistemi algoritmik stablecoin, në vitin 2022.
Nëse Tether do të detyrohej të shiste thesaret dhe zotërimet e tjera, kjo mund të kishte pasoja të mëdha për tregjet kryesore financiare.
Tether këmbëngul se modeli i saj është i sigurt. Ajo deri tani ka treguar elasticitet: gjatë kolapsit të sistemit Terra-Luna, firma kreu shlyerje me vlerë mbi 10 miliardë dollarë në dy javë, duke ruajtur lidhjen e saj me Dollarin. Megjithatë, vështirësitë e ardhshme nuk mund të përjashtohen, thotë Rajeev Bamra nga agjencia Moody’s.
Ndryshe nga Circle, rivali i saj kryesor, Tether nuk u nënshtrohet shqyrtimeve të pavarura, duke e bërë të vështirë të dihet nëse asetet e saj (të cilat përveç Thesarit përfshijnë gjëra më të rrezikshme, si bitcoin), përputhen me detyrimet.
Tether gjithashtu nuk e bën të ditur se ku mbahen rezervat e saj. S&P, një tjetër agjenci vlerësimi, e ka caktuar rrezikun e Tether-it në nivelin katër nga pesë gjithsej (për sa i përket aftësisë së monedhës për të ruajtur lidhjen me Dollarin).
Shumë qeveri po bëhen më të rrepta. Në janar, sistemi i shkëmbimeve europiane e ndaloi monedhën Tether, për shkak të mospërputhjes me ligjet e reja të BE-së.
Paolo Ardoino, drejtuesi i kompanisë Tether, i ka qortuar rregullat, veçanërisht një kërkesë që monedhat stablecoins duhet të mbajnë 60% të rezervave në depozita bankare. “Nëse një bankë dështon, monedha stablecoin dështon bashkë me të”, argumenton ai. Megjithatë, shton se shënjestra e tij e vërtetë janë tregjet në zhvillim.
Por edhe qeveritë e këtyre vendeve po bëhen të shqetësuara. Tether është e regjistruar në shtetin El Salvador, presidenti i të cilit, Nayib Bukele dëshiron ta bëjë vendin një qendër për asetet dixhitale.
Para kësaj, monedha ishte regjistruar në Ishujt e Virgjër Britanikë. Asnjë nga këto vende nuk dallohet për ligjet e ashpra rregullatore.
Në vitin 2023, një studim nga kompania e inteligjencës TRM Labs, zbuloi se një pjesë domethënëse e transaksioneve në monedhën Tether ishte e përfshirë nëpër aktivitete kriminale. Irani dhe Rusia e kanë përdorur monedhën për t’iu shmangur sanksioneve perëndimore.
Një raport i OKB-së e quajti atë “zgjedhjen e parapëlqyer” për pastruesit e parave të Azisë Juglindore. Tether thotë se punon ngushtë me autoritetet për zbatimin e ligjit, duke ngrirë portofolat e lidhura me veprimtaritë e paligjshme dhe duke përmbushur kërkesat zyrtare.
Më 25 shkurt, Turqia filloi të kërkojë që shkëmbimet e kriptomonedhave të licencohen. Gjithashtu kërkoi zbatimin e kontrollit kundër pastrimit të parave dhe verifikimin e identitetit të përdoruesve.
In response to these new regulations, platforms like Binance and KuCoin have scaled back their presence in the country. In Nigeria, stablecoin volumes fell 38% year-to-date through July after authorities revoked the licenses of over 4,000 cryptocurrency exchanges, blaming them for the decline in the local currency, the naira.
But America could be moving in the opposite direction. In January, Donald Trump signed an order directing officials to draft a regulatory framework for digital assets within six months. He declared that America would become the “crypto capital of the planet.”
The order supported “legal and dollar-pegged stablecoins” to strengthen the greenback’s dominance over other currencies.
Oversight isn't necessarily bad for stablecoins. Stripe, a payments company, has acquired stablecoin infrastructure startup Bridge.
Visa has built a platform to help lenders issue such coins. BBVA, Spain's second-largest bank, will be among the first to use it, possibly for money transfers.
Stablecoins have proven their worth in the back rooms of the Grand Bazaar. Now, their task is to do the same in the offices of regulators and the council chambers of Washington and Wall Street. Monitor Magazine
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