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At midnight on December 31, 1992, the then 74-year-old state of Czechoslovakia, founded on the ruins of World War I, dissolved to be replaced by the independent Czech and Slovak republics. Now, 30 years later, former Czech Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus, who helped negotiate the split, reflects on the country's breakup and the lessons learned.
The division of Czechoslovakia into two states, that of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, is one of the few cases in history that was accomplished without bloodshed. This, according to former Czech Prime Minister Vaclav Klaus, was the result of a well-thought-out process.
“Detyra ime ishte të realizoja ndarjen, të cilën në atë moment e konsideroja të pashmangshme. Ndarja ishte miqësore, paqësore dhe e drejtë. Së bashku me kryeministrin sllovak, (Vladimir) Meciar, arritëm të përmbushim detyrën”, thotë ish kryeministri Klaus.
Shpërbërja e Çekosllovakisë, e quajtur shpesh edhe "Divorci i Paqtë" nuk u bë përmes votës popullore sepse dy politikanët, Klaus dhe Meciar, të cilët negociuan ndarjen, nuk pranuan të zhvillonin një referendum për këtë çështje. Disa banorë të Pragës janë ende të pakënaqur me atë vendim.
"Mendoj se shumica e sondazheve të opinionit publik në atë kohë nuk ishin në favor të ndarjes, por zoti Meciar dhe zoti Klaus, për arsyet e tyre, mendonin të kundërtën," thotë ish-diplomati amerikan, Cameron Munter.
Por ndërsa çekët ishin të lumtur që ishin pjesë e Çekosllovakisë, shumë sllovakë ndiheshin si qytetarë të dorës së dytë, kujton zoti Klaus.
“Sllovakët i shihnin çekët si vëllain e madh, vëllain më të moshuar dhe ndjeheshin si qytetarë të dorës së dytë", thotë zoti Klaus.
Duke reflektuar për mësimet e nxjerra nga ajo shpërbërje, ish presidenti çek thekson rëndësinë që kanë negociatat, duke e ndarë këtë përvojë me vendet si Kosova apo Ukraina.
"Unë do t'i thoja Kosovës dhe vendeve të tjera, edhe Ukrainës, mësimi që kam marrë dhe përvoja ime më thonë se duhet të negociosh. Duhet të negociosh sa më gjatë. Kjo është mënyra e vetme për të shmangur luftën, ose një situatë dramatike në një vend".
Three decades later, the Czech Republic and Slovakia – both EU members since 2004 – enjoy close economic, political and cultural ties. Polls show that Czechs and Slovaks see each other as the closest allies. Their quick divorce - the terms of which were written in the garden of a villa - belongs to the past./ VOA
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